Ethanol is alcohol - and can disrupt the hydrogen bonding of hydrophilic proteins and hydrophilic lipids that make up the plasma membrane denaturing their tertiary or quaternary structure, and it is miscible in water therefore can get into the cell through the plasma membrane and disrupt the osmotic balance within the cell and the ion channels that control calcium and ATPase movement - water and solutes can now flow out as the membrane integrity collapses.
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